Cucumber Setup and Installation

Before using Cucumber for test automation, we need to set up the environment and configure dependencies in a project. Cucumber can be integrated with Java using build tools like Maven or Gradle and run in IDEs like Eclipse or IntelliJ IDEA.

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Installing Cucumber for Java

To install Cucumber for Java, follow these steps:

Prerequisites

• Java JDK (8 or later) installed
• Maven or Gradle installed
• Eclipse or IntelliJ IDEA installed

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Adding Cucumber Dependencies in Maven/Gradle

For Maven Users

1. Create a Maven Project
   • Open Eclipse/IntelliJ
   • Create a new Maven project
   • Add the following dependencies to pom.xml:

<dependencies>
    <!-- Cucumber Core -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>io.cucumber</groupId>
        <artifactId>cucumber-java</artifactId>
        <version>7.15.0</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- Cucumber JUnit for Running Tests -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>io.cucumber</groupId>
        <artifactId>cucumber-junit</artifactId>
        <version>7.15.0</version>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>

    <!-- Cucumber TestNG (Optional if using TestNG instead of JUnit) -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>io.cucumber</groupId>
        <artifactId>cucumber-testng</artifactId>
        <version>7.15.0</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- Selenium WebDriver (Optional) -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.seleniumhq.selenium</groupId>
        <artifactId>selenium-java</artifactId>
        <version>4.8.3</version>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

2. Update Dependencies
   • Right-click on the project → Maven → Update Project (or mvn clean install in the terminal).

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For Gradle Users

1. Create a Gradle Project
   • Open IntelliJ/Eclipse
   • Create a new Gradle project
   • Add the following dependencies to build.gradle:

dependencies {
    // Cucumber Core
    implementation 'io.cucumber:cucumber-java:7.15.0'

    // Cucumber JUnit
    testImplementation 'io.cucumber:cucumber-junit:7.15.0'

    // Cucumber TestNG (Optional)
    testImplementation 'io.cucumber:cucumber-testng:7.15.0'

    // Selenium WebDriver (Optional)
    implementation 'org.seleniumhq.selenium:selenium-java:4.8.3'
}

2. Refresh Dependencies
   • Run gradle build or Refresh Gradle Project in the IDE.

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Setting Up Cucumber in Eclipse/IntelliJ

In Eclipse

1. Install Cucumber Plugin

   • Go to Help → Eclipse Marketplace
   • Search for "Cucumber Eclipse Plugin" and install it

2. Create a New Cucumber Project

   • Go to File → New → Maven Project
   • Add dependencies in pom.xml (as shown above)
   • Create the required folder structure:

src/test/java        → For step definitions & test runners  
src/test/resources   → For feature files  

3. Create a Feature File
   • Inside src/test/resources, create a new .feature file:

Feature: Login Functionality

  Scenario: Successful login
    Given the user is on the login page
    When the user enters valid credentials
    Then the user is redirected to the homepage

4. Create Step Definitions
   • Inside src/test/java, create a package (e.g., stepDefinitions) and a Java class:

package stepDefinitions;

import io.cucumber.java.en.*;

public class LoginSteps {
    @Given("the user is on the login page")
    public void userOnLoginPage() {
        System.out.println("User is on login page");
    }

    @When("the user enters valid credentials")
    public void userEntersCredentials() {
        System.out.println("User enters credentials");
    }

    @Then("the user is redirected to the homepage")
    public void userRedirectedToHomepage() {
        System.out.println("User is redirected to homepage");
    }
}

5. Create a Test Runner
   • Inside src/test/java, create a package (e.g., runners) and a test runner class:

package runners;

import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import io.cucumber.junit.Cucumber;
import io.cucumber.junit.CucumberOptions;

@RunWith(Cucumber.class)
@CucumberOptions(
        features = "src/test/resources",
        glue = "stepDefinitions",
        plugin = {"pretty", "html:target/cucumber-reports.html"},
        monochrome = true
)
public class TestRunner {
}

6. Run the Test
   • Right-click on TestRunner.java → Run as JUnit Test

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In IntelliJ IDEA

1. Install Cucumber Plugin

   • Go to File → Settings → Plugins
   • Search for Cucumber for Java and install it

2. Create a New Cucumber Project

   • Create a Gradle/Maven project
   • Add Cucumber dependencies to build.gradle or pom.xml
   • Follow the same folder structure as in Eclipse

3. Write Feature Files & Step Definitions

   • Follow the same example as shown above

4. Run Cucumber Tests

   • Right-click on TestRunner.java → Run as JUnit Test

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Conclusion

Cucumber setup is straightforward with Maven/Gradle and works seamlessly in both Eclipse and IntelliJ. By following these steps, you can configure Cucumber and start writing BDD test cases with Selenium WebDriver.