Selenium IDE | Selenium Tutorial

Selenium IDE (Integrated Development Environment) is a record-and-playback tool for automating browser interactions. It is a great starting point for beginners who want to learn Selenium without writing complex code.

1. What is Selenium IDE?

Selenium IDE is a browser extension for Chrome and Firefox that allows users to:
✔️ Record user interactions on a web application
✔️ Play back recorded test cases
✔️ Edit, debug, and export test cases to Selenium WebDriver scripts

Features of Selenium IDE:

✅ Record and Playback – No coding required
✅ Test Case Editing – Modify recorded steps
✅ Assertions & Verifications – Validate expected outcomes
✅ Export to WebDriver Code – Convert tests to Selenium scripts
✅ Parallel Execution – Run multiple tests simultaneously

2. Installing Selenium IDE

For Chrome:

  1. Open Chrome Web Store
  2. Search for Selenium IDE
  3. Click Add to Chrome → Add Extension

For Firefox:

  1. Open Firefox Add-ons Store
  2. Search for Selenium IDE
  3. Click Add to Firefox → Install

3. Recording a Test Case in Selenium IDE

Steps to Record a Test Case:

  1. Open Selenium IDE
  2. Click on Create a New Project
  3. Enter a project name
  4. Click Record a new test
  5. Enter the website URL (e.g., https://www.example.com)
  6. Perform actions like clicking buttons, filling forms, etc.
  7. Click Stop Recording
  8. Save the test case

4. Editing and Enhancing Test Cases

After recording, you can modify and enhance test cases by adding commands like:
✔️ Assertions – Verify elements, text, or URLs
✔️ Wait Commands – Handle dynamic elements
✔️ Looping and Conditions – Add control flow
✔️ Variables and Data-Driven Testing

5. Selenium IDE Commands

Commonly Used Commands:

Command Description
open Opens a URL
click Clicks an element
type Enters text in a field
assertText Verifies text on the page
assertElementPresent Checks if an element exists
waitForElementVisible Waits for an element to appear
store Stores a value in a variable

Example Test Case:

Command Target Value
open https://example.com
type id=username testuser
type id=password password123
click id=loginButton
assertText id=welcomeMessage Welcome testuser

6. Running and Debugging Test Cases

Running a Test Case:

  1. Open Selenium IDE
  2. Select a recorded test case
  3. Click Run Current Test

Debugging a Failed Test:

✔️ Check error messages
✔️ Use breakpoints to pause execution
✔️ Modify selectors (XPath, CSS)

7. Exporting Test Cases to Selenium WebDriver

Selenium IDE allows exporting test cases to WebDriver-supported programming languages like Java, Python, and C#.

Steps to Export a Test Case:

  1. Click File → Export
  2. Choose the programming language
  3. Save the file

Example: Exported Java Code (Selenium WebDriver + JUnit)

import org.junit.*;
import org.openqa.selenium.*;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;

public class SeleniumTest {
    private WebDriver driver;

    @Before
    public void setUp() {
        System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "path/to/chromedriver");
        driver = new ChromeDriver();
    }

    @Test
    public void testLogin() {
        driver.get("https://example.com");
        driver.findElement(By.id("username")).sendKeys("testuser");
        driver.findElement(By.id("password")).sendKeys("password123");
        driver.findElement(By.id("loginButton")).click();
        Assert.assertEquals("Welcome testuser", driver.findElement(By.id("welcomeMessage")).getText());
    }

    @After
    public void tearDown() {
        driver.quit();
    }
}

✔️ Why Export?

  • Run tests in different browsers
  • Integrate with frameworks like TestNG, Cucumber
  • Automate large-scale testing

8. Advanced Features of Selenium IDE

✅ Control Flow (Loops and Conditions)

You can add if-else conditions, loops (while, for), and custom logic to handle complex scenarios.

Example: Using an If Condition in Selenium IDE

if | ${username} == "admin" |
    type | id=role | Administrator
else
    type | id=role | User
end

✔️ Makes test cases dynamic and reusable

✅ Data-Driven Testing (Variable Storage)

Use store to save values and reuse them in test steps.

Example: Using Variables

store | testuser | username
type  | id=username | ${username}

✔️ Useful for running tests with multiple data sets

✅ Parallel Test Execution

Selenium IDE allows executing multiple test cases in parallel, improving execution speed.

9. Advantages and Limitations of Selenium IDE

✅ Advantages

✔️ Beginner-Friendly – No programming knowledge required
✔️ Faster Test Creation – Record-and-playback functionality
✔️ Supports Assertions – Validates expected behavior
✔️ Export to WebDriver – Convert tests into reusable scripts
✔️ Parallel Execution – Run multiple tests at once

⚠️ Limitations

❌ Limited to Chrome and Firefox
❌ Not ideal for complex testing (e.g., database interactions)
❌ Lacks support for programming logic (compared to WebDriver)

🔹 Solution? For advanced automation, migrate to Selenium WebDriver!

10. When to Use Selenium IDE?

✔️ Quick Test Automation – Ideal for small-scale testing
✔️ Exploratory Testing – Quickly automate repetitive actions
✔️ Proof-of-Concept Testing – Validate feasibility before writing WebDriver scripts
✔️ Training & Learning – Best for beginners to understand Selenium

Conclusion: Why Use Selenium IDE?

🚀 Selenium IDE is a great tool for beginners to get started with automation testing. It helps in quickly recording, editing, and executing test cases without coding. However, for advanced test automation, migrating to Selenium WebDriver is recommended.

🔹 Best Practice: Start with Selenium IDE → Export test cases → Implement in Selenium WebDriver for robust automation!